What is bullying?

Children who bully act aggressively toward others. The aggressive acts can be physical, sexual, or verbal. They can also be done through social media or online (cyberbullying). Those targeted are called victims.

• Physical bullies may hit, pinch, kick, shove, bite, or pull a victim’s hair.
• Sexual bullies may make sexual comments or threaten unwanted sexual acts. Sexual bullying may also include unwanted touch, such as snapping a bra strap.
• Verbal bullies may insult, start or spread rumors, tease, and make threats.
• Cyberbullies use the Internet, social media, cell phones, or other devices to send or post text or pictures meant to hurt or embarrass another person. The text or pictures can reach hundreds of people.

The result of growing up a victim of bullying can be very severe. Victims may suffer from anxiety, low self-esteem, and depression. Their school progress may be slowed. As they grow older, victims may become involved in relationships in which they are abused. Some victims attempt suicide, believing that no one will help them. If you think your child is being bullied, don’t ignore it.

How to find out if your child is being bullied

To find out if your child is being bullied, talk with him about bullying and look for these signs:

• Making excuses to not go to school and avoiding questions about how things are going
• Wanting to take something such as a knife or gun to school to protect himself
• Unexplained bruises
• Torn clothing
• Needing extra school supplies or money or always “losing” belongings
• Problems sleeping
• Becoming withdrawn, moody, or unusually sad, or talking about suicide
• Sudden loss of appetite
• Quality of schoolwork suddenly goes down
• Showing secretive or sullen behavior or temper outbursts
• Being very hungry after school because someone keeps taking his lunch or money
• Getting upset after using his cell phone or computer
• Making a lot of trips to the school nurse, especially during lunch or recess
• Rushing to the bathroom after school because he’s scared to use the bathroom at school due to threats
• Running away from home

Ways to help your child avoid bullies

• Teach your child what bullying is and what to do if it happens.

  Children who recognize bullying are more likely to report it. Let him know that bullying is wrong and teach him how to respond. Encourage your child to speak to a trusted adult if he is bullied or sees others being bullied. Talk about ways to stay safe.

• Teach your child self-respect.

  A confident child is less likely to become a victim. Help your child think of himself in positive terms, such as “I am a kind and caring person.” Teach your child to focus on things he is good at and things that make him feel proud. Teach your child to give himself a silent pep talk when he feels picked on.

• Encourage your child to make friends.

  There is strength in numbers. Bullies tend to go after a child who is alone. Encourage your child to walk down the hall, into the lunchroom, or out to recess with others. Joining clubs or playing sports can be a good way to make friends. Friends can help protect one another. Your child should stay near others even if they are not close friends.

• Stress the importance of body language.

  Bullies are more likely to pick on a child who looks meek. Encourage your child to stand up straight and hold his head high. If a bully approaches, your child shouldn’t freeze. It is best to walk away and join a group of children.

• Do not encourage physically fighting back.

  Bullies are usually stronger and have a lot of friends. More often than not, if victims fight back, the bully will take revenge.

• Teach your child to tell an adult.
• Talk with your child often and listen to him. Make sure he knows that you support him and that being bullied is not his fault.

  If your child gets a phone call, text message, email, picture, or voicemail message that makes him uncomfortable, teach him to report the cyberbullying to an adult. Also teach him not to pass along cyberbullying messages. Keep copies of all email, texts, and chats related to bullying.

• Let the school know your safety worries.

  Build a good relationship with the school. Keep records of names, date, time, place, what happened, and how it was handled. Report bullying. Try not to get defensive or blame, but don’t back down either. Talk to the principal and teachers about your concerns.

• Teach your child “HA HA SO” strategies to help deal with bullies:

  H – Help. Get a friend or adult to help you.

  A – Assert yourself. Use an “I” statement to tell the bully that his behavior is not OK and look him in the eye. For example, “I don’t like it when you steal my sandwich. Please stop.”

  H – Humor. Use humor. Do or say something funny or even something crazy to throw the bully off balance. For example, if you are called a “chicken,” start walking like a chicken and flapping your arms.

  A – Avoid. Stay away from bullies. If you see a bully and can take another path across the playground, do that.

  S – Self talk. Give yourself a silent pep talk, reminding yourself of positive things. For example, you might think of something like, “I may not be good at track, but I’m great in band.”

  O – Own it. If the put-down is about clothing or something you can change, just agree with the bully. Say something like, “Yeah, I don’t like this sweater either. I wore it because my aunt made it and she is visiting this week.”

• Practice how to respond.

  Problem-solve and practice ways to respond with your child at home. Something that has been practiced is easier to use in a stressful situation.

Bully proofing your school

There are programs to help schools called “Bully Proofing Your School”. Programs cover early childhood, elementary, and middle school. These programs can help children feel safe and secure and encourage children to defend those who are picked on. Check with your school to see what programs they have and how you can help.

If you cannot cope with your child’s problem on your own, see your healthcare provider or a mental health professional. Get emergency care if your child seems unusually sad or has serious thoughts of suicide or self-harm,